2026

Quantum Computing

Real-time detection of correlated quasiparticle tunneling events in a multi-qubit superconducting device

arXiv:2602.01945 (2026)

Simon Sundelin, Linus Andersson, Hampus Brunander, Simone Gasparinetti

Quasiparticle tunneling causes decoherence and correlated errors in superconducting circuits, motivating real-time detection on individual devices. We simultaneously detect quasiparticle tunneling in two co-housed, charge-sensitive transmons coupled to a common waveguide. Background rates are measured at the single-hertz level with microsecond resolution. Individual events are uncorrelated, while burst episodes occur about once per minute, last ~7 ms, are largely correlated across devices, and increase tunneling rates by three orders of magnitude.

Quantum Thermodynamics

Quantum refrigeration powered by noise in a superconducting circuit

Nature Communications 17, 359 (2026)

Simon Sundelin, Mohammed Ali Aamir, Vyom Manish Kulkarni, Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Simone Gasparinetti

 

We demonstrate a quantum thermal machine that uses dephasing noise as a resource for refrigeration. The setup features a superconducting artificial molecule coupled to two microwave waveguides acting as thermal reservoirs, with a third channel introducing tunable dephasing noise. By adjusting noise and temperature gradients, the system functions as a quantum refrigerator, engine, or accelerator. Measuring heat currents below 10⁻¹⁸ watts, this platform enables exploration of quantum thermodynamics in engineered thermal environments.

2025

Co-designed reflective and leaky-waveguide low-pass filter for superconducting circuits

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1 (2025)

Linus Andersson, Benjamin Olsson, Simone Gasparinetti, Robert Rehammar

The High-Energy Radiation Drain (HERD) filter is an ultra-low-loss filtering technique that uses leaky waveguides to absorb high-frequency radiation harmful to superconducting qubits. In this work, we extend the concept by leveraging the parasitic impedance of the leaky-waveguide structure and integrating it into a stepped-impedance low-pass filter. The result is a compact HERD filter with sharp roll-off and strong suppression of unwanted high-frequency signals.

Proposals for experimentally realizing (mostly) quantum-autonomous gates

arXiv:2510.07372 (2025)

José Antonio Marín Guzmán, Yu-Xin Wang, Tom Manovitz, Paul Erker, Norbert M. Linke, Simone Gasparinetti, Nicole Yunger Halpern

The paper proposes ways to build quantum-autonomous gates—quantum operations that run without time-dependent external control—to reduce the classical control burden in quantum computing. It suggests implementations on three experimental platforms (Rydberg atoms, trapped ions, and superconducting qubits), showing how interactions or trap engineering can realize useful single- and two-qubit gates. These gates could help form largely autonomous quantum circuits with reduced classical overhead.

Effective Hamiltonian for an off-resonantly driven qubit-cavity system

arXiv:2509.03375 (2025)

Martin Jirlow, Kunal Helambe, Axel M. Eriksson, Simone Gasparinetti, Tahereh Abad

Experimental observation of multimode quantum phase transitions in a superconducting Bose-Hubbard simulator

arXiv:2508.20116 (2025)

Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Théo Sépulcre, Timo Hillmann, Kazi Rafsanjani Amin, Mikael Kervinen, Simone Gasparinetti

Overhead in Quantum Circuits with Time-Multiplexed Qubit Control

arXiv:2508.20752 (2025)

Marvin Richter, Ingrid Strandberg, Simone Gasparinetti, Anton Frisk Kockum

Automated, physics-guided, multi-parameter design optimization for superconducting quantum devices

arXiv:2508.18027 (2025)

Axel M. Eriksson, Lukas J. Splitthoff, Harsh Vardhan Upadhyay, Pietro Campana, Niranjan Pittan Narendiran, Kunal Helambe, Linus Andersson, Simone Gasparinetti

Quantum Thermodynamics

Precision is not limited by the second law of thermodynamics

Nature Physics 21, 1147 (2025)

Florian Meier, Yuri Minoguchi, Simon Sundelin, Tony J. G. Apollaro, Paul Erker, Simone Gasparinetti, Marcus Huber

Thermal fluctuations constrain the precision of non-equilibrium devices, particularly at quantum scales where reducing uncertainty requires entropy dissipation. Clocks exemplify this trade-off, typically showing a linear relation between precision and dissipation. We theoretically identify a quantum many-body system where clock precision scales exponentially with entropy dissipation, surpassing known bounds. This finding shows that coherent quantum dynamics can break conventional limits, enabling ultra-precise, low-dissipation quantum technologies.

Distributed quantum computing

Entanglement of photonic modes from a continuously driven two-level system

npj Quantum Information 11, 69 (2025)

Jiaying Yang, Ingrid Strandberg, Alejandro Vivas-Viana, Akshay Gaikwad, Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Anton Frisk Kockum, Muhammad Asad Ullah, Carlos Sanchez Munoz, Axel Martin Eriksson, Simone Gasparinetti

Entanglement is key to quantum networks. We demonstrate a method to generate entangled microwave photons via a driven superconducting circuit. Our method enables time- and frequency-matched entanglement of sideband modes in the resonance fluorescence spectrum. These orthogonal modes can be stored in separate quantum memories, enabling high-rate entanglement distribution across platforms, with applications in waveguide QED, distributed quantum computing, and quantum communication networks.

Microwave Quantum Optics Quantum Simulation

Dynamical excitation control and multimode emission of an atom-photon bound state

Physical Review Letters 134, 133601 (2025)

Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Kazi Rafsanjani Amin, Ingrid Strandberg, Mikael Kervinen, Amr Osman, Simone Gasparinetti

Atom-photon bound states emerge when an atom couples to a metamaterial, offering a platform for long-range interactions crucial to quantum technologies. This work experimentally investigates their formation and radiative nature by analyzing the emitted light, revealing the underlying energy structure. The approach introduces a powerful new method to probe internal dynamics of bound states, demonstrated here for the first time, and extends beyond the insights of previous studies.

Microwave dynamics of gated Al/InAs superconducting nanowires

Applied Physics Letters 126, 232602 (2025)

Vittorio Buccheri, François Joint, Kazi Rafsamjani Amin, Tosson Elalaily, Olivér Kürtössy, Zoltán Scherübl, Gergő Fülöp, Thomas Kanne, Jesper Nygård, Péter Makk, Szabolcs Csonka, Simone Gasparinetti

 

What if superconducting electronics had the flexibility of transistors? We explore gate control of critical current in an Al/InAs nanowire embedded in a λ/4 resonator. Changes in resonant frequency and quality factor align with an effective temperature in the Mattis-Bardeen model. We also measure gate-response times of tens of nanoseconds, highlighting the system’s potential for cryoelectronic applications like switches and fast superconducting electronics.

Quantum Thermodynamics

Thermally driven quantum refrigerator autonomously resets superconducting qubit

Nature Physics 21, 318 (2025)

Mohammed Ali Aamir, Paul Jamet Suria, José Antonio Marín Guzmán, Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Jeffrey M. Epstein, Nicole Yunger Halpern, Simone Gasparinetti

 

Classical thermal machines are ubiquitous in the real world, but their quantum counterpart had so far been theoretical curiosities. Here, we build a quantum refrigerator that demonstrates for the first time an important real-world application—resetting of a qubit. Our quantum refrigerator—constituting of two superconducting qubits, each connected to a physical heat bath—autonomously cools down a target superconducting qubit to its ground state more effectively than conventional methods.

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Distributed quantum computing

Deterministic generation of frequency-bin-encoded microwave photons

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 240803 (2025)

Jiaying Yang, Maryam Khanahmadi, Ingrid Strandberg, Akshay Gaikwad, Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Anton Frisk Kockum, Muhammad Asad Ullah, Göran Johansson, Axel Martin Eriksson, Simone Gasparinetti

Scalable quantum computing requires reliable communication between distant processors. Propagating microwave photons offer a solution, but photon loss limits transfer fidelity. We demonstrate frequency-bin encoded microwave photons by encoding a qubit state into two distinct frequency modes with high fidelity. This enables photon loss detection via heralding and supports error-detectable links. Our simple, hardware-efficient architecture is a versatile building block for superconducting and waveguide-based quantum networks.

Continuous-Variable QIP Microwave Quantum Optics

Experimental realization of deterministic and selective photon addition in a bosonic mode assisted by an ancillary qubit

Quantum Sci. Technol. 10, 045037 (2025)

Marina Kudra, Martin Jirlow, Mikael Kervinen, Axel M. Eriksson, Fernando Quijandría, Per Delsing, Tahereh Abad, Simone Gasparinetti

2024

Key Issues Review: Useful autonomous quantum machines

José Antonio Marín Guzmán, Paul Erker, Simone Gasparinetti, Marcus Huber, Nicole Yunger Halpern

Rep. Prog. Phys. 87, 12 (2024)

Gated Superconductivity

Dynamics of Gate-Controlled Superconducting Dayem Bridges

Appl. Phys. Lett. 125, 092602 (2024)

François Joint, Kazi Rafsanjani Amin, Ivo Cools, Simone Gasparinetti

RF engineering for quantum technologies

Direct detection of quasiparticle tunneling with a charge-sensitive superconducting sensor coupled to a waveguide

Kazi Rafsanjani Amin, Axel Martin Eriksson, Mikael Kervinen, Linus Andersson, Robert Rehammar, Simone Gasparinetti

arXiv:2404.01277 (2024)

Continuous-Variable QIP Microwave Quantum Optics

Digital homodyne and heterodyne detection for stationary bosonic modes

Ingrid Strandberg, Axel Martin Eriksson, Baptiste Royer, Mikael Kervinen, Simone Gasparinetti

Physical Review Letters 133, 063601 (2024)

This paper presents a measurement scheme corresponding to homo-and heterodyne detection for stationary quantum states of light. These types of measurements are cornerstones in quantum optics and commonplace on propagating fields, but our method enables high-efficiency measurements also on confined cavity fields. Inspired by the “repeated interactions” model, which is normally used for calculations of open system dynamics, we show that a simple realization of the model can emulate both homo- and heterodyne measurements statistics. This has applications in quantum computing, for instance, in verification of quantum speedup for boson sampling that could be implemented with current and near-term technology.

Continuous-Variable QIP

Universal control of a bosonic mode via drive-activated native cubic interactions

Axel M. Eriksson, Théo Sépulcre, Mikael Kervinen, Timo Hillmann, Marina Kudra, Simon Dupouy, Yong Lu, Maryam Khanahmadi, Jiaying Yang, Claudia Castillo Moreno, Per Delsing, Simone Gasparinetti

Nature Communications 15, 2512 (2024)

Quantum Computing

DiVincenzo-like criteria for autonomous quantum machines

José Antonio Marín Guzmán, Paul Erker, Simone Gasparinetti, Marcus Huber, Nicole Yunger Halpern

Reports on Progress in Physics 87, 122001 (2024)

Continuous-Variable QIP

Extended quantum process tomography of logical operations on an encoded bosonic qubit

Mikael Kervinen, Shahnawaz Ahmed, Marina Kudra, Axel Eriksson, Fernando Quijandría, Anton Frisk Kockum, Per Delsing, Simone Gasparinetti

Phys. Rev. A 110, L020401 (2024)

Gated Superconductivity

Gate control of superconducting current: Mechanisms, parameters, and technological potential

Leon Ruf, Claudio Puglia, Tosson Elalaily, Giorgio De Simoni, Francois Joint, Martin Berke, Jennifer Koch, Andrea Iorio, Sara Khorshidian, Peter Makk, Simone Gasparinetti, Szabolcs Csonka, Wolfgang Belzig, Mario Cuoco, Francesco Giazotto, Elke Scheer, Angelo Di Bernardo

Applied Physics Reviews 11, 041314 (2024)

2023

Gated Superconductivity

Effects of fabrication routes and material parameters on the control of superconducting currents by gate voltage

Ludwig Ruf, Tosson Elalaily, Claudio Puglia, Yurii P. Ivanov, Francois Joint, Martin Berke, Andrea Iorio, Peter Makk, Giorgio De Simoni, Simone Gasparinetti, Giorgio Divitini, Szabolcs Csonka, Francesco Giazotto, Elke Scheer, Angelo Di Bernardo

APL Materials 11, 091113 (2023)

Distributed quantum computing

Deterministic generation of shaped single microwave photons using a parametrically driven coupler

Jiaying Yang, Axel Eriksson, Mohammed Ali Aamir, Ingrid Strandberg, Claudia Castillo Moreno, Daniel Perez Lozano, Per Persson, Simone Gasparinetti

Physical Review Applied 20, 054018 (2023)

Distributed quantum computing relies on quantum channels linking distant processors, requiring reliable photon generation from stationary qubits. We demonstrate a superconducting circuit that transfers a qubit state into a traveling microwave photon with 94.5% fidelity. Using a time-varying parametric drive, we shape the photon’s temporal profile for efficient, phase-stable absorption. This high-fidelity method enables robust state transfer and remote entanglement, advancing scalable distributed quantum computing.

Distributed quantum computing Microwave Quantum Optics

Photons go one way or another

Simone Gasparinetti

Nature Physics 19, 310 (2023)

RF engineering for quantum technologies

Low-pass filter with ultra-wide stopband for quantum computing applications

Robert Rehammar, Simone Gasparinetti

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 71, 3075 (2023)

2022

Quantum Computing RF engineering for quantum technologies

Measurement and control of a superconducting quantum processor with a fully-integrated radio-frequency system on a chip

Mats O. Tholén, Riccardo Borgani, Giuseppe Ruggero Di Carlo, Andreas Bengtsson, Christian Križan, Marina Kudra, Giovanna Tancredi, Jonas Bylander, Per Delsing, Simone Gasparinetti, David B. Haviland

Review of Scientific Instruments 93, 104711 (2022)

Microwave Quantum Optics Quantum Thermodynamics

Engineering symmetry-selective couplings of a superconducting artificial molecule to microwave waveguides

Mohammed Ali Aamir, Claudia Castillo Moreno, Simon Sundelin, Janka Biznárová, Marco Scigliuzzo, Kowshik Erappaji Patel, Amr Osman, D. P. Lozano, Simone Gasparinetti

Physical Review Letters 129, 123604 (2022)

The achieved goal of our work is to gain complete control of the symmetries available in a simple (artificial) diatomic molecule interacting with photonic mode continuum hosted in waveguides; using a remarkably simple yet unique device architecture. We show the versatile scope of this capability in two distinct experiments which also inspire various other interesting experiments and applications with this architecture. We believe these features are of intrinsic interest to the wide community of waveguide quantum electrodynamics, that transcends several experimental platforms, and is an increasingly popular platform for exploring light-matter interactions and, recently, facilitating quantum technologies.

Continuous-Variable QIP

Robust preparation of Wigner-negative states with optimized SNAP-displacement sequences

Marina Kudra, Mikael Kervinen, Ingrid Strandberg, Shahnawaz Ahmed, Marco Scigliuzzo, Amr Osman, Daniel Pérez Lozano, Mats O. Tholén, Riccardo Borgani, David B. Haviland, Giulia Ferrini, Jonas Bylander, Anton Frisk Kockum, Fernando Quijandría, Per Delsing, Simone Gasparinetti

PRX Quantum 3, 030301 (2022)

Quantum Thermodynamics

Nonequilibrium heat transport and work with a single artificial atom coupled to a waveguide: emission without external driving

Yong Lu, Neill Lambert, Anton Frisk Kockum, Ken Funo, Andreas Bengtsson, Simone Gasparinetti, Franco Nori, Per Delsing

PRX Quantum 3, 020305 (2022)

Microwave Quantum Optics Quantum Simulation

Controlling Atom-Photon Bound States in an Array of Josephson-Junction Resonators

Marco Scigliuzzo, Giuseppe Calajò, Francesco Ciccarello, Daniel Perez Lozano, Andreas Bengtsson, Pasquale Scarlino, Andreas Wallraff, Darrick Chang, Per Delsing, Simone Gasparinetti

Physical Review X 12, 031036 (2022)

2021

Continuous-Variable QIP Microwave Quantum Optics

Propagating Wigner-negative states generated from the steady-state emission of a superconducting qubit

Yong Lu, Ingrid Strandberg, Fernando Quijandría, Göran Johansson, Simone Gasparinetti, Per Delsing

Physical Review Letters 126, 253602 (2021)

Microwave Quantum Optics Quantum Computing

Characterizing decoherence rates of a superconducting qubit by direct microwave scattering

Yong Lu, Andreas Bengtsson, Jonathan J. Burnett, Emely Wiegand, Baladitya Suri, Philip Krantz, Anita Fadavi Roudsari, Anton Frisk Kockum, Simone Gasparinetti, Göran Johansson, Per Delsing

npj Quantum Information 7, 35 (2021)

2020

Microwave Quantum Optics

Parity Detection of Propagating Microwave Fields

Jean-Claude Besse, Simone Gasparinetti, Michele C. Collodo, Theo Walter, Ants Remm, Jonas Krause, Christopher Eichler, Andreas Wallraff

Physical Review X 10, 011046 (2020)

Continuous-Variable QIP Quantum Computing

Universal Gate Set for Continuous-Variable Quantum Computation with Microwave Circuits

Timo Hillmann, Fernando Quijandría, Göran Johansson, Alessandro Ferraro, Simone Gasparinetti, Giulia Ferrini

Physical Review Letters 125, 160501 (2020)

Quantum Computing Quantum Thermodynamics

Primary Thermometry of Propagating Microwaves in the Quantum Regime

Marco Scigliuzzo, Andreas Bengtsson, Jean-Claude Besse, Andreas Wallraff, Per Delsing, Simone Gasparinetti

Physical Review X 10, 041054 (2020)

Continuous-Variable QIP Quantum Computing

High quality three-dimensional aluminum microwave cavities

Marina Kudra, Janka Biznárová, Anita Fadavi Roudsari, Jonathan J. Burnett, David Niepce, Simone Gasparinetti, Björn Wickman, Per Delsing

Applied Physics Letters 117, 070601 (2020)